设
$$
\begin{gathered}
A=\left(\alpha_1, \alpha_2, \alpha_3\right)=\left(\begin{array}{ccc}
2 & 2 & -1 \\
2 & -1 & 2 \\
-1 & 2 & 2
\end{array}\right) \text { , } \\
B=\left(\beta_1, \beta_2\right)=\left(\begin{array}{cc}
1 & 4 \\
0 & 3 \\
-4 & 2
\end{array}\right) .
\end{gathered}
$$
证明 $\alpha_1, \alpha_2, \alpha_3$ 是 $R^3$ 的基,并求 $\beta_1, \beta_2$ 在这个基中的坐标.